Thursday, November 28, 2019

Carrefour Strategic Management

Executive Summary Carrefour has been a major player in the UAE, where it exists as a partnership between Carrefour parent company and Majid Al Futtaim group. The report shows that there is a major opportunity in online shopping, and with its large inventory of products and a well-coordinated supply chain, the company is in a good position to take advantage of the online trend.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Carrefour Strategic Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It can do so by setting up an elaborate e-commerce platform that allows shoppers in the UAE to order goods to their respective addresses within the country. The report also identifies threat of rivalry as the main competitive issue to consider. Meanwhile the biggest limitations for the company as its surging labor costs while one of the most viable solution is to work on supply chain efficiencies to increase profit margins and also win customers based on price discounts. Brief description of the organization This report covers Carrefour. This is an international retailer and it has several hypermarket chains that originated in France in 1957. The company has been actively moving towards dominating the global retail market with several new stores in most promising markets for the retail business around the world. Carrefour entered the United Arab Emirates (UAE) market in 1995 and it has been actively performing in the retail segment of the country. The company first entered into the country with a mission on expansion to the rest of the Middle East. In Dubai, it relies on a joint venture with Majid Al Futtaim group that allows it to grow rapidly and cover the entire country and its neighbors (Carrefour UAE para. 1-4). External analysis Current and potential opportunities Customers can shop on the company’s e-commerce website and then pick their mode of delivery. An option could be a hybrid of e-commerce and tradition al shopping. In this case, customers will shop online but after making payment, they will go to the store to collect their goods after they are packaged. The advantage of the strategy is that it reduces the time needs to process payments as the customer does not have to queue. The company recently established a web store for its UAE market that allows customers to shop and pay for goods with various electronic payment solutions such as credit cards and PayPal. The store offers customers with a wide selection of goods that are also in its physical outlets. Customers are able to use the website to move virtually through the store to know what to expect when they are physically in the store. The company’s online website is not very competitive compared to other global retail brands such as Amazon.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is a big opportunity of using the r eputation of Carrefour as a global retailer to promote the presence of its UAE online store. This should lead to increased sales and more customer intelligence that can help the company come up with new strategies on being ahead of the competition in meeting customer needs. Carrefour can work with local suppliers to recognize local products and allow its customers to contribute to the development of community sensitive projects. For example, it can use its product origin and traceability systems to include a made-locally label that allows customers to make purchase decisions based on their need to support local businesses in the UAE. This strategy will help the firm increase its reputation as a caring and development partner for the economy of the UAE. It will also enable the firm to reduce the power that local suppliers have against it in market dynamics. With the strategy, Carrefour will obtain an upper negotiating position for goods pricing, and this will go towards increasing it s ability to offer discounts to price-sensitive shoppers. Current and potential threats The current threat facing Carrefour comes from its competition. Business rivalry threatens the market share of the company and its profit margin. Should the company continue operating with its present strategy and scale of the business, it risks losing a significant portion of its market to new entrants that already have a global presence, as well as local retail companies. The major cities in the UAE, including Dubai and Abu Dhabi are home to many expatriate workers. This significant population is also a key attraction for retail chains that seek to achieve a Middle East success with the UAE as their main center of operation. They see the market is ripe for investments because of its high labor supply for the industry and its high disposable income that can support businesses growth (Scott para. 6-8). Despite the attractiveness of the region, economic growth slowdown has led to increased costs o f living for many people in the UAE as companies adjust their business forecasts and limit their expenditures. A slowdown in economic growth affects the disposable income of individuals and makes it more expensive to existing business to operate as costs of labor does not fall in accordance with economic performance. The Carrefour UAE operations have to consider the high cost of labor and raw materials such as packing bags given that cheap plastic bags are not usable in UAE (Salma para. 1-2). While hiring talents employees is important, the business must also consider additional options for outsourcing to ensure that it does not remain exposed to the recurrent cost expenditure in a significant way.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Carrefour Strategic Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Impact of national culture and conditions on the organization National culture affects the employment relations and norm al business operations. The company has to follow Islamic timings for its store opening and closing. It also observes local religious holidays and moral practices when dealing with human resource issues. Internal analysis Strengths and how they will be used The company has a global reputable brand and it will use the brand to increase its sales in the UAE. It is also the most internationalized retailer in the emirates and this helps it offer a rich global experience to its shoppers. It is able to attract local shoppers seeking to experience a global shopping outing and get items from many countries around the world. The internationalized concept also helps the firm attract new and talented staffs from around the world. It is able to sustain its position as preferred employer. The company dominates the top three positions of retail chains in the UAE and the global market. Its hypermarket strategy allows the company to offer a wide range of goods from all over the world. Being a big c ompany, the company has made numerous supply chain partnerships that allow it to offer its own-label portfolio. The range of products is in some of the fastest selling consumables in retail business and the products have created a market perception of price and quality by its customers. Its early mover advantage into the UAE market has also been helping the company grow fast as it is yet to face significant competition among the global retail brands. Therefore, many consumers in the UAE seeking to shop at a global recognized outlet (Carrefour UAE Para. 6-8). The company has been exploring strategic acquisitions as a growth strategy and it runs a multi-format strategy. It is able to sustain the sale of fresh food in all its outlets by working with reliable suppliers and ensuring that its staffs are well versed with all demands of a particular market. Maintaining close relationships with suppliers in all its services range enables the company to be able to respond to price changes and demand changes effectively. Its retail business succeeds because the company is able to consider many inputs in the cost of products such as the value of foreign currencies in the UAE and the cost of transportation and storage of various goods imported from around the world.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With a target on the middle and low-income groups, the company sustains its operations by having its private label products that utilize economies of scale to sell at discounted prices.  Another strength of the company arises from the high quality trained staffs that is able to offer high quality maintenance services and customer care services throughout its business including its supermarket and hypermarkets. The company has a governance structure that allows both the local and global management departments to respond to emerging issues fast, and this should help it to tame any threats that it faces in the growing UAE retail market. Weaknesses and how they will be minimized The company lacks a comprehensive retail chain presence, this jeopardizes its strategy of benefiting from economies of scale, and offering discounts to its low-income shoppers suffers due to its limited retail presence. However, there are possibilities of limiting the business vulnerability.  The company has an option of entering into more deals with local real estate companies to ensure that it gains a retail presence in upcoming developments like malls within the UAE. Modern designated shopping areas are key attractions to shoppers of different kinds. They provide a company like Carrefour with the best option for growing its customer traffic in the medium-term. The company relies on its staffs to provide customers with a high quality experience. Any misunderstandings between staffs and customers, or negligence and bad behavior by staffs have the potential to ruin customer relations. The company continues to minimize this weakness by constantly training staffs. It also has elaborate supervision frameworks. The in-store supervisors and production monitoring systems also help to highlight staff shortcomings in customer care. Based on the results that Carrefour gets from its appraisal system, it is able to minimize the weakness of poor quality of service delivery by staffs. However, it s till has to continue with on-the-job training programs to ensure that new staffs quickly adapt to the company tradition. Training should also concentrate on equipping staffs with cultural skills that let them deal with the UAE customers according to their cultural background expectations. The global retail industry is moving to an online platform and the UAE as a market has become a prime location for embracing online shopping. Presence of high internet speeds and a significant number of customers who are conversant with internet technologies makes the country ideal for investment in online shopping. A major weakness for Carrefour is that is has been lagging in its approach to online shopping and could be missing its competitive advantages. The firm needs to develop an online presence so that it rapidly scales its presence in the short-term. Customers also expect the company to have a serviceable online strategy. Five-forces analysis Bargaining power of suppliers Carrefour has a maj or advantage over its suppliers because it has the potential to change its suppliers for various inputs. The brands sold in the retail outlets belonging to the company come from different suppliers. All suppliers have an intention to reach customers and the Carrefour business is a platform allowing them to do so. Therefore, there is high competition among the suppliers and this competition causes Carrefour to get the upper hand in bargaining. In addition to that, the company enjoys low switching costs for its supplies including the labor and other service providers. Any changes in pricing by suppliers will not lead to a significant strain by the company due to the possibility of changing service providers or supply chain partners. A high volume capacity that Carrefour offers to suppliers is makes it a preferred partner and this option motivates suppliers to enter into long-term discount agreements that allow Carrefour to operate profitable. In conclusion, suppliers lack bargaining p ower. Bargaining power of customers Customers to the retail outlets in UAE have nothing that ties them to a particular brand other than loyalty. They are free to shop anywhere and still get identical products. Many customers consider shopping convenience or the price of goods as the main influences of their purchase decisions. They also consider the distance to the store and the type of shopping that they are going to do. The availability of parking space is also an issue that can influence a buyer’s decision. In the e-commerce segment, customer consider the speed of loading a website, the ease of browsing the site and checkout, as well as the shipping options availed by the company. Based on the above understanding of the customer in UAE, Carrefour faces significant bargaining power from customers. It cannot increase the prices of items unless its rivals also do so. At the same time, it has to consider carefully areas for setting up its stores because of the foot and vehicle traffic potential. The store layout and the presence of amenities are other considerations that the company has to make, and in some instances, it may have to meet the cost of setting them up. Threat of existing rivalry The exit barriers for the business are low and weak firms can leave the UAE market without losing too much capital. At the same time, the strong firms have to keep investing in their potential growth to sustain their market share. Currently the UAE market has a high competition in the middle class retail market segment. The demand for retail store space is increasing as the population increases. Rivals are diversifying their targets with different stores for different market segments. Depending on the location of a store, a firm can target high net worth individuals or low-income spenders. On the other hand, the vacancy rates for retail space are low and this in an indication of high competition in the industry. Forecasts that show the retail business being immune t o the declining oil prices form part of the reasons why many businesses in the industry are increasing their investments. Carrefour UAE operations have to expand at every possible opportunity just to keep up with the growth trend; otherwise, the business will lose its market share (Oxford Business Group Para. 11). Threat of substitutes Many consumer product companies are opting to set up independent stores in popular malls around the city. At the same time, specialty stores in electronics, grocery, and furniture are also located in most malls that also have hypermarkets. Therefore, customers have a choice of where they can purchase their products. Nevertheless, the hypermarket option still allows customers to enjoy the convenience of all products being under one room. They can compare prices and enjoy a traditional shopping experience. In addition to that, in long-end market segments, hypermarkets win for their ability to offer store-branded product at a reduced price. Carrefour use s the same strategy and therefore only faces moderate threat from substitutes. Threat of new competitors The entry of new players in the UAE retail industry is eminent. However, new companies will likely target a city before expanding to the entire country. This gradual entry and expansion strategy gives established players like Carrefour time to respond with counter competitive strategies. In this regard, the threat of new competitors is moderate. The shortage of retail spaces in the major cities of the UAE is also a factor that weakens the threat by new competitors. However, competitors that have a strong global brand and an online presence can easily penetrate the market as customers adjust quickly to meet their preferences and need for identifies with people in other developed countries in North America and Europe. Efficiency A radio frequency identification solution for monitoring inventory within stores and along supply chains allows the company to meet its logistical demands. Its warehouses connect with its central logistics hub in Dubai and the company can manage purchase orders from the hub thus reducing communication lags. Quality Carrefour maintains a log of product movement throughout the processing and stocking in its outlets. It can pin point the position of a product in its supply chain and is able to determine the quality of the product at every stage of the retail process. Relying on reputable suppliers and training staffs on quality handling of products and customers ensures that they company builds on its competitive advantages. Innovation Carrefour UAE loyalty card is one of the innovative products by the company seeking to collect customer intelligence and increase repeat customer transactions. The shopping website targeting UAE customers is also an innovative approach at meeting customer expectation and bypassing limitations of a physical store presence in every part of the country. Customer responsiveness Presence on popular social media networks like Facebook allows Carrefour to respond to customer queries in a fast and informal ways that also works as a public relations activity. The company also maintains hotlines and customer desks at its physical stores to collect feedback and handle customer issues. Customers also have a self-service website platform to handle their queries and management of their cards. They can also manage their online shopping accounts without the need for a direct contact with a customer care representative. Discussion on distinctive competencies of the firm From the discussion presented in the preceding sections, Carrefour’s distinctive competencies are its own-label brands and its central hub logistics processing system. They offer the firm the ability to be different from the competition and to cut costs significantly. Rivalry is a major factor to consider in the firm’s business environment and an efficient logistics system allows Carrefour to be responsive enough to meet its competitive demands. However, rivals can copy logistics competencies even though they are costly. On the other hand, for rivals to develop successful own-label brands, they have to find capable manufacturing or processing and packaging partners. Above all, they will require a brand that has already developed. Carrefour already enjoys a global reputation that does well in the UAE and this makes its own-label products serve as a distinctive competitive advantage that cannot be copied easily. Does the organization have a differentiation strategy? Carrefour does not have a differentiation strategy overall. Nevertheless, the company targets different customer segments with different product ranges and uses in-store displays to effect the strategy. Strategic alliances that can benefit the organization The beneficial strategic alliances that can benefit the company are with service providers and supply chain partners. Providers of various technologies for retail business management su ch as monitoring solutions for stock and employees can help maintain high quality services and keep costs low. Such solutions would be expensive for the retailer to develop on its own. A partner providing the services is the best option. Another beneficial alliance would be made between the retailer and real estate companies. This can ensure that Carrefour gets the first option to set up stores in upcoming mall developments in all the UAE cities and avoid the space shortage threat. Should the organization go global, why or why not and how will this be achieved Already Carrefour is a global company, and its UAE subsidiary is one of the outlets in the Middle East. Expansion into more countries can come through partnerships, where local businesses provide resources while the retailer offers the brand and operation capabilities. Major problems or potential problems the organization should address Currently, Carrefour needs to address the lack of adequate marketing of its online shopping option. It must also come up with a long-term strategy of dealing with high cost of labor as it threatens to cut the profit margin and affect the business’ strategy for winning the low-end income market segment (Hubbard para. 3). The company also lacks a counter strategy for dealing with the onslaught of company branded stores that are setting up in malls throughout the UAE to target high-end customers with their branded consumer products mainly in the electronics and computers sectors. Many of the products in the category allow Carrefour to earn a high profit margin and losing the business segment would be catastrophic to its store’s performance. Recommendations for Carrefour Carrefour has to expand its investments in technology as a way to cut its reliance on staffs. With a shrink in current staff numbers or a freeze on hiring of new staff, the business will be able to manage its labor costs in the medium term. In addition, the company has to identify a real estate partner that has significant investment in retail business spaces in attractive locations in the UAE. Such a partner will enable Carrefour to expand rapidly. As a joint venture in the UAE, the business currently is in a position to use its local business networks to find more partners for achieving its objectives. Given that the business already enjoys considerable power over its suppliers, it can continue bargaining for discounts and other favorable trade terms that let it extend price bargains to its customers to stop them from moving to the branded stores that are threatening the dominance of Carrefour. Works Cited Carrefour UAE. About US. 2015. Web. Hubbard, Alison. Employment Issues in the UAE. 2012. Web. Oxford Business Group. Demand Strong for Abu Dhabi Retail Space. 2015. Web. Salma, Samir. â€Å"UAE Bans Non-biodegradable Plastic Products.† Gulfnews.com, 2013. Web. Scott, Andrew. â€Å"Dubai Builders Turn to Community Malls Anchored on Food Retailers Geant and Carre four.† The National Business,  2014. Web. This report on Carrefour Strategic Management was written and submitted by user Annabella K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Pachyrhinosaurus Facts and Figures

Pachyrhinosaurus Facts and Figures Name: Pachyrhinosaurus (Greek for thick-nosed lizard); pronounced PACK-ee-RYE-no-SORE-us Habitat: Woodlands of western North America Historical Period: Late Cretaceous (70 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 20 feet long and 2-3 tons Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Thick bump on nose instead of nasal horn; two horns on top of frill About Pachyrhinosaurus Its name notwithstanding, Pachyrhinosaurus (Greek for thick-nosed lizard) was an entirely different creature from the modern rhinoceros, though these two plant-eaters do have a few things in common. Paleontologists believe Pachyrhinosaurus males used their thick noses to butt one another for dominance in the herd and the right to mate with females, much like modern-day rhinos, and both animals were approximately the same length and weight (though Pachyrhinosaurus may have outweighed its modern counterpart by a ton or two). Thats where the similarities end, though. Pachyrhinosaurus was a ceratopsian, the family of horned, frilled dinosaurs (the most famous examples of which were Triceratops and Pentaceratops) that populated North America during the late Cretaceous period, only a few million years before the dinosaurs went extinct. Oddly enough, unlike the case with most other ceratopsians, the two horns of Pachyrhinosaurus were set on top of its frill, not on its snout, and it had a fleshy mass, the nasal boss, in place of the nasal horn found in most other ceratopsians. (By the way, Pachyrhinosaurus may turn out to be the same dinosaur as the contemporary Achelousaurus.) Somewhat confusingly, Pachyrhinosaurus is represented by three separate species, which differ somewhat in their cranial ornamentation, especially the shape of their unflattering-looking nasal bosses. The boss of the type species, P. canadensis, was flat and rounded (unlike that of P. lakustai and P. perotorum), and P. canadensis also had two flattened, forward-facing horns on top of its frill. If youre not a paleontologist, though, all three of these species look pretty much identical! Thanks to its numerous fossil specimens (including over a dozen partial skulls from Canadas Alberta province), Pachyrhinosaurus is quickly climbing the most popular ceratopsian rankings, though the odds are slim that it will ever overtake Triceratops. This dinosaur got a big boost from its starring role in Walking with Dinosaurs: The 3D Movie, released in December 2013, and it has featured prominently in the Disney movie Dinosaur and the History Channel TV series Jurassic Fight Club.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Terrorism and Globalization Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Terrorism and Globalization - Assignment Example While such benefits either maintain or heighten the status of globalization, globalized progress occurs at the cost of the distribution of gains. Where considerable gains are obtained by rich nations or individuals, greater inequalities result, further causing potential conflicts within local settings and abroad. Another probable cost is perceived in the control of national economies which could shift from sovereign governments to other entities, typically leading to extreme nationalism or the rise to fundamentalist political movements (Intriligator). These ends eventually trigger the emergence of terrorism by an organization or movement that feels the necessity to contradict the direction of globalized trends especially on the thought that globalization promotes inequality and uneven allocation of the country’s goods, impoverishing minorities. This becomes, hence, one of the great causes behind the creation of terrorist groups such as the al-Qaeda and the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) of the Reconstruction era in the U.S. which have both carried out severe violent reactions after the principal objective of advancing extreme ideologies as global jihadism and white supremacy with anti-immigration, respectively. Through suicide bombings of the al-Qaeda and KKK’s hostile killings with cross burnings, state authorities and the general public are reminded of being careful with the steps taken toward political and economic aims across the

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Research Proposal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research Proposal - Assignment Example Why the difference in that, because logically as the millers make profit the farmers should also enjoy from the profit. Does it mean that the millers are behind the rise in the poverty level of the farmers or the farmers are the source to there poverty. The millers should always be in support of the farmers, this is because farmers need to be motivated to increase the amount off the cane production and this intern will lead to the millers’ increment in production. If the farmers are demoralized, they my opt for production of other food staffs hence may lead to the collapse of the sugar industries due to lack of raw material for production. The third argument is that the poverty experienced in the sugarcane farmers maybe as a result of the poor cane production skills (Evenson and Pingali, 2009). Due to these, farmers may use huge amount of capital for sugarcane production but having little return during the harvesting, hence need to reduce the cost of cane production. However for this to be achieved, the need for the farmers and millers working together is very important which in most cases is not easy as millers are only determined in maximizing on the profit and not concerned of the wellbeing of the farmers. The Kenyan government should deploy extension officers at various regions in the sugar belt who should have an initiative of giving farmers the skills in sugarcane management and production. This may improve the quality and quantity of the cane being produced in the region hence intern reducing the poverty level of the sugarcane farmers. One argument that is to be analyzed in this research topic is the issue whether the millers should also be concerned with the wellbeing of the sugarcane farmers or just concentrate on profit maximization in the expenses of the farmers. It is always advisable that the millers should treat the farmers with grate importance as this will determine the amount of profit they make.

Monday, November 18, 2019

Ethics in Law Enforcement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Ethics in Law Enforcement - Essay Example Corruption is a term that springs easily to mind when one thinks of how law enforcement is usually applied. Popular culture is full of references to corrupt policemen and lawyers, especially in terms of how the police are often represented in movies and television shows, and also in terms of the numerous articles on police abuse that may be found in newspapers and other periodical. Especially after the events of September 11, 2001, and the racist attacks on Muslims and other Asian minorities in America came into the news, there has been a lot of negative publicity for the way in which minorities are apparently abused by many law-enforcement agencies. All these examples represent myths about law enforcement that are often belied by statistics. However, there is also some basis in reality for such opinions. In addition, corruption undermines respect for the rule of law and for the democratic process that are the very core of our system of government. Controlling this evil successfully is a constant challenge for any government. Yet any government that does not devote itself to this effort is in danger of sowing the seeds of its own destruction. (p. xi) The authors suggest, therefore, that instead of identifying the law enforcement system with corruption, there is the need to recognize that even the law is trying to fight corruption within itself. Corrupt practices are not an inherent or integral part of the law enforcement system. Rather, it is something that has crept into the system and must be weeded out. The corruption of law enforcement agencies is illustrated by the two interviews that were conducted as part of this study. The first will be discussed in the context of corruption. This instance is related to an interview with a twenty-seven-year-old white American woman who was a victim of hazing during her freshman year at a university in the U.S. Cindy (not her real name) recollects that she and her friends were wary of the senior students, because the college had a history of a couple of violent episodes of hazing. Apparently, the school authorities had done nothing about it. Cindy describes the night when she and her friends were abused by a large group of older students. They were forced to drink alcohol, and some of the senior students even urinated into their glasses and forced their victims to drink from them. They were also made to perform demanding exercises such as push-ups for almost three hours, and compelled to run around the campus a number of times. They were also verbally abused, many of the insults being gender- or race-based. Shortly after the incident, Cindy and a friend went to the neighborhood police precinct to lodge a complaint about what had been done to them. "I couldn't believe it," Cindy says. "None of the cops were ready to listen to us. Two who did pumped us for the 'juicy' details and then burst out laughing." Cindy's experience reveals that public faith in law enforcement authorities has diminished based on their reputation for treating victims badly. Although this was an isolated incident, there have been many reported instances of police cover-ups in similar cases, even in instances where students were killed or seriously injured as a result of hazing. Another instance in which law enforcement a

Friday, November 15, 2019

Study Of Mobile Application Development

Study Of Mobile Application Development Nowadays all around the world have the explosive growth of the mobile application market has created a vast and complicated set of alternatives for developers because of an increasingly important role in everyones life. Consumers are migrating to Smartphone mobile devices that are Internet enabled for work and play and, most importantly, with family, friends and colleagues. The mobile software technology comprises a wide variety of platforms, technologies, and architecture choices. So it makes mobile application development easier and cost-effective. Application developers must address both business and technical issues in deciding which platforms to support. There are more than a dozen platforms for which developers can build applications. Research is in Googles Android and Apples iOS (short for iPhone Operating System). Research will directly to do a survey of application developers to understand their processes to decide the platform(s) for whom they would like to develop applicat ions and learn about the development processes. This research is trying to discover how and why Mobile Developers in processes to decide the platform(s) for whom they would like to develop applications and learn about the development processes. And will looking for the solution to improve their problem especially for who are interesting in a mobile application development. To answer the questions above, this research must explore: Both the business and technical factors are an important component to help developers make a decision on the technologies for mobile application development. Background of developers technical and the simplicity of development affect their selections of mobile platform(s). The impact of the developers attitudes in the technical or business drivers is dependent on the size of their organizations or their environments. Developers Attitude and developers openness toward the open source development is a factor of the decision for choosing development platform. Sub-Question What is the impact of business factors that help developers make a decision? What is the impact of technical factors that help developers make a decision? What is the impact of developers background that helps developers make a decision? What is the impact of the ease of development that helps developers make a decision? Significance of the Study The major dynamics of the mobile industry have morphed with such alacrity that keeping tabs on the various highs and lows of mobile application development has become a challenge for any mobile application developer. Mobile software development and mobile application development has seen its development initiatives branch out into two distinct segments typically known as the web based mobile application development and native mobile application development. Moreover, its the challenge for both developers and customers. By customers here I mean enterprises and organizations, because estimating the risks of mobile implementation projects is difficult due to mobile platforms variety. The difference between mobile and desktop applications is the challenge for customers and developers, because lots of things, starting from user design and finishing with implementation, are different for PCs and mobile devices. UI design and the size of applications for mobile devices are another challenge, for mobile doesnt allow big pictures sizes and, on the whole, big sizes of apps. Besides, there is a lack of unique development environments. But thats again about multiple platforms and the difficulty in providing interoperability. Nevertheless, mobile application development is on the rise. App Store that proved to become a new business model on the market has opened the door for the similar market models mobile developers are going to get access to very soon.   Research in Googles Android and Apples App store is to widen the market of mobile applications. Research Design and Methodology This research is a combination of quantitative and qualitative research. This paper focuses on the review and comparison of the most popular mobile application development platforms with respect to technical issues, application development, capabilities, constraints and market success. The comparison is based on experiences gained by research pursued at the authors laboratory, review of literature/technology white papers and blogs related to mobile applications development platforms. Most importantly, the comparison is based on the ground of experiences gained throughout the development of a case study application implemented on all reviewed application platforms and reports collected from an online survey (participants have been mobile application developers with hand-on experience on the reviewed application platforms). Organization of the Study This study is organized into four chapters as follows: Chapter 1 Introduction: This chapter states the process of how to decide the platform(s), for who they would like to develop applications, states the research question, identified the significance of the study, and explains the research design used to answer the question. Chapter 2 Context of the Problem: This chapter explain how and what is make Googles Android and Apples iOS different and also provides an overview of the literature regarding the problem and shows how to practices in creating mobile applications and finding the balance of the long-term challenges. Chapter 3 A Research Agenda for Mobile Application development This chapter including the pragmatic, with the guidelines and pieces of sample code as example. And identify some of the promising areas for software engineering research related to development of mobile applications. Chapter 4 Summary and Conclusion: This chapter is only a part of the research topics in software engineering for mobile applications, but serves for the emerging field to indicate the breadth of research needs and opportunities. Chapter 2 Context of the Problem Introduction Nowadays, there exist numerous development platforms for mobile devices; including native environments (Googles Android, Apples iOS, Blackberry, Symbian, Palm OS, etc) and web based mobile application. This section will try to discuss the most important characteristics of platform environments for mobile devices (mainly Googles Android and Apples iOS), which currently enjoy the largest developers and deployment base: Googles Android and Apples iOS. The reasons are different for every software company. Some prefer the technology that Apple offers and also some prefer the technology that Android offers, which other competitors dont offer. Others prefer the iPhones built-in payment platform. Others note cant support high-end graphics. Googles Android Googles Android has been launched in 2007, devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices. Android is an Apache free-software platform with open- source licensed for mobile devices based on Linux. It essentially comprises a software stack for mobile devices that includes an OS, middleware and key applications. Android is a Linux based open source operating system, which has JAVA library (similar to SE). And it is a robot or synthetic organism. Android is a total operating based environment and a modified version of Linux kernel. Android is a bundle of software for Smartphone and mobile devices, which include key applications. Android Application Development provides strategic advantage by possessing skills, knowledge and expertise in Android Development Services. The Android mobile phone market is growing at an impressive rate of 32 per cent every month, with new handsets being released all the time. Industry experts believe the boom owes much to the popularity of the Motorola Droid, MotoBLUR, certain HTC models, and the openà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ source nature of the OS. Apples iOS Up to now, Apple has released four versions of the iPhone. The first was initially introduced on January 9, 2007. Its successor, the iPhone3G was revealed on July 9, 2008. The iPhone3G was including the original six; in 8GB and 16GB models, with the larger capacity version having the option of being in black or white. The iPhone 3G added 3G cellular network capabilities and A-GPS location. The iPhone 3GS was releases on June 19, 2009  (2009-06-19). The iPhone 3GS added a compass, faster processor, and higher resolution camera, including video. The iPhone 4 has two cameras for FaceTime video calling and a higher-resolution display. It was released on June 24, 2010. The iPhone is one of the few devices that have its very own operating system. This means that there is a maximization of the software-hardware compatibility. There are 3 key components to be able to develop for the iPhone. The first is the knowledge of the programmer, mainly focused on the programming languages. A decent knowledge of objective-c, basic c++ and XML is needed to independently create a standalone application for the iPhone. However, these languages are well-known and we can find many tutorial books and online tutorial. Summary

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Malcom Xs A Homemade Education Essay -- Papers

Malcom X's A Homemade Education Malcom X's "A Homemade Education" tells a story of how he gained knowledge by himself and how it guided his thoughts and ideas. Reading also molded his political views. Although Malcom X is a very outspoken person about racism in America, and throughout the world, I find that he has a right to be angry, but goes a little overboard on blaming whites. The story begins when Malcom is in jail and is given a book that he cannot understand because he can't read. This angered him a little and sparked a fire inside of him to learn how to read and write. Soon thereafter he went to the library in the jail and checked out a dictionary. He began to copy the whole dictionary learning word after word that he wrote. Upon completion of the dictionary, he started to read anything he could get his hands on. No matter what time it was, Malcom was reading. Despite being in jail, he felt as free as he ever could be. Reading and the ability to learn is what made him feel this way. After becoming a more educated man, he began to study the teachings of Muhamma...

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Mm Litteruture

To Celia is a love poem with a simple four line rhyme scheme (abcbabcb), written in first person. The over all tone of the poem is dreamy, optimistic, persistent, and gullibly innocent. The rhythm is smooth, and pensive, and seems to fall into an iambic pentameter. The poem gives the reader an intimate sense of this man’s love, and obsession for the woman of his desire, Celia. I interpreted this poem as having a theme of lost love. I imagined that Celia is his ex-lover, he still is in love with her, and wants her to come back to him.In the first stanza, the strong feelings he has for her are expressed metaphorically by comparing his love to drinking wine, and Jove’s Nectar, an elixir for immortality. He is intoxicated by her, and can’t live without her. In the first line â€Å"Drink to me, only with thine eyes And I will pledge with mine†, he is asking Celia to look at him with her eyes, and tell him she still loves him, he will in turn promise himself to her. â€Å"Or leave a kiss but in the cup And I'll not look for wine† meaning If that is too much to ask, at least show him in some way that she still cares for him, and that will as least satisfy him. The thirst that from the soul doth rise Doth ask a drink divine†, the desire and love he has for her is burning deep inside of him, and he needs her. â€Å"But might I of Jove's nectar sup I would not change for thine†, meaning he cannot live without her. If he were given the gift of immortality, he would not take it just to be with her. A wreath is a symbol of eternity, in the second stanza, he expresses eternal love for her by metaphorically comparing it to the rosy wreath. I believe the wreath also may represent an apology.In the first line of the second stanza, â€Å"I sent thee late a rosy wreath Not so much honoring thee†, I believe he is talking about the mistakes he made. He used the word late, implying that he was too late showing her his eternal lo ve for her, and is now not able to have her, honoring being another word for having. â€Å"As giving it a hope that there It could not withered be†, he is telling her he loves her hoping their love is not lost. â€Å"But thou thereon didst only breath And sent'st it back to me†, she doesn’t want to listen to him anymore, takes a deep breath or sigh, and does not accept his apology. Since, when it grows and smells, I swear, Not of itself but thee†, No matter what happens, I will always love you, and a piece of you will always be with me. Some techniques used in this poem are Alliteration, the use of metaphors, personification, irony, hyperbole, and possibly allegory. Alliteration can be identified in this poem by the words that are stressed such as (highlighted in green above) in the first stanza, stresses are placed on Drink, cup, kiss, and divine. Metaphors were used to describe his love for Celia, such as drinking the wine, the elixir of eternal life, an d the rosy wreath.Personification is used in personifying Celia’s eyes, as if they could speak, and the thirst takes on a human quality of rising, and asking for a drink. I thought irony was present when Celia sent the wreath back, or denied his apology. The man disregarded this action, and continued with his protest of love for her. I think hyperbole was used a lot in this poem. For example the entire poem seems to be a hyperbole. It is extremely exaggerated, and in particular, the lines â€Å"But might I of Jove's nectar sup I would not change for thine†, and â€Å"Since, when it grows and smells, I swear, Not of itself but thee. The images are unrealistic, and cannot be taken literally. I thought allegory can be identified in this poem, because if you read through the poem once, you may just interpret a man courting a woman, and the woman literally returning his gift to him, not acknowledging him. However I felt that these two people were at once very close. They l oved each other, and the man did something that caused them to break up. He still is madly in love with her, and would do anything to get her back. He apologizes to her, but it is not enough.The literal meaning is obvious, but the symbolic meaning of the poets word choices lead to my interpretation. I believe three main important concepts that influence the entire poems message would be word choice, tone, and symbols. Word choice is important in this poem, because the words used give the reader a detailed understanding of what the poet is trying to say. The words also create the imagery of the poem, and set up the meaning of the symbols used throughout. For example the whole first stanza is surrounded by words that are related to drinking wine, such as drink, cup, wine, thirst, and nectar.The words make it easy for the reader to determine that he is comparing the love he has for Celia to drinking wine, and the nectar of Jove’s. Her love is intoxicating, and worth more than an ything to him. In the second stanza, the word choice I noticed was more important. The words late, rosy wreath, honouring, withered, breath, grows, smell, and swear, to me all had in depth meaning. For example late lead me to believe he had made a mistake. Rosy wreath suggested eternal love, and an apology. Honouring took on the meaning of having. Withered reminded me of dyeing, and lost love.Breath implied her presence, and disapproval. Grows, tells the reader that his love for her has only gotten stronger. Smell implies a sense of lingering, as if her essence is still all around him. Swear implies a promise to oneself, and he promises to always love her. The tone of the poem I described as dreamy, optimistic, persistent, and gullibly innocent. I think this tone is important in getting the poets mood across to the reader. The rhythm of the poem contributes to the tone because it is smooth and pensive. The poem is read in a smooth whimsical way, and slightly imploring.I thought it w as dreamy because of the flowery language used, and the whimsical way it read through. Optimistic because he is hopeful that Celia still loves him, persistent, because he goes into length describing his love, and gullibly innocent, because even though it is clear Celia wants nothing to do with him anymore, he still holds onto the love he has for her. The symbols I thought were interesting, and really led me to discovering an underlying meaning to this poem. Examples of the symbol used in this poem are the eyes, Jove’s Nectar, the rosy wreath, and Celia’s breath.When the poet opens with mentioning thine eyes, it symbolizes that they are close, and he knows what she is feeling without her speaking. The eyes create intimacy in the poem. Jove’s Nectar symbolizes immortality, and his love. His love will never die for her. The rosy wreath symbolizes eternity, on how he will love her forever, and also I believe the wreath serves as a symbol for the apology he is giving her. Celia’s breath symbolizes her release from him. She does not take him in, but exhales. This symbolizes her rejecting him.I think these symbols were very influential in the way I interpreted this poem. In conclusion, I really enjoyed this poem, and digging into its underlying meaning. At first I found the language very hard to follow, and read it so many times I now have it memorized. I researched other people’s thoughts online, and realized that I had taken a different perspective on the poem compared to other reviews. I always find it interesting to see how differently people think, and how the meanings of these poems take life in the individual depending on their own experiences.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Free Essays on 1984

pop1984 vs. Brave New World By: Laura F In Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Huxley’s Brave New World, the authoritative figures strive for freedom, peace, and stability for all, to develop a utopian society. The Utopian society strives for a perfect state of well-being for all persons in the community, and over-emphasizes this factor, where no person is exposed to the reality of the world. As each novel progresses we see that neither society possesses family values nor attempts to practice them. Neither are passionate nor creative in factors such as love, language, history and literature. Our society today, in general, is unsure about the future: The nightmare of total organization has emerged from the safe, remote future and is now awaiting us, just around the next corner. It follows inexorably from having so many people. This quotes represents Watts’ fear for the future; George Orwell and Aldous Huxley both explore the future state of civilization in their novels. They both warn us of the dangers of a totalitarian society. Both books express a utopian ideal, examine characters that are forced into this state and are compelled to dealing with this society and all the rules involved. The impracticality of the utopian ideal is explored in Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Huxley’s Brave New World. Both authors suggest that a lack of familial bonds, the repression of human individuality, and the repression of artistic and creative endeavors in order to attain a stable environment renders the achievement of a perfect state unrealistic. The lack of familial bonds, in both novels, contributes to the development of a dystopian society. This lack of familial bonds is evident through genetic engineering, the use of names, and a commonly used drug, soma. One of the first mentionings of family in Brave New World is when the main character, Bernard, asks the Controller, the ultimate leader, about the past and why their society doe... Free Essays on 1984 Free Essays on 1984 George Orwell’s 1984: Good Totalitarian Government 1984 is a book about George Orwell’s deepest darkest fear of a government with control over very aspect of society, including people’s thoughts and total control over their lives. I argue that Totalitarian government is shown as a positive government through the novel 1984. In 1984 George Orwell portrays a character named Big Brother, who is in total control of his country Oceania. One way Orwell portrays positive totalitarian government through Big Brother is that there are posters of Big Brother throughout the city of London. These Posters are a positive image of a positive leader. These posters of Big Brother are used throughout the novel to make sure that the citizens can actually see the face of their leader; in a positive way. Another way Big Brother represents positive totalitarian government is the fact that sice the citizens have to make no decisions. They have to make no decisions, so all stress and anxiety over decision making is removed from their lives, th is makes their lives relatively easy. Finally the fact that Big Brother controls everything means that there is no crime, because no citizen can think of committing a crime. â€Å"Totalitarianism is a modern autocratic government in which the state involves itself in all facets of society, including the daily life of its citizens. A totalitarian government seeks to control not only all economic and political matters but the attitudes, values, and beliefs of its population, erasing the distinction between state and society. The citizen’s duty to the state becomes the primary concern of the community, and the goal of the state is the replacement of existing society with a perfect society† (Columbia Encyclopedia/Totalitarianism). In 1984 there are posters of Big Brother posted up everywhere, so that Big Brother can be portrayed in a positive way. In chapter one as the character Winston smith is first intr... Free Essays on 1984 pop1984 vs. Brave New World By: Laura F In Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Huxley’s Brave New World, the authoritative figures strive for freedom, peace, and stability for all, to develop a utopian society. The Utopian society strives for a perfect state of well-being for all persons in the community, and over-emphasizes this factor, where no person is exposed to the reality of the world. As each novel progresses we see that neither society possesses family values nor attempts to practice them. Neither are passionate nor creative in factors such as love, language, history and literature. Our society today, in general, is unsure about the future: The nightmare of total organization has emerged from the safe, remote future and is now awaiting us, just around the next corner. It follows inexorably from having so many people. This quotes represents Watts’ fear for the future; George Orwell and Aldous Huxley both explore the future state of civilization in their novels. They both warn us of the dangers of a totalitarian society. Both books express a utopian ideal, examine characters that are forced into this state and are compelled to dealing with this society and all the rules involved. The impracticality of the utopian ideal is explored in Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Huxley’s Brave New World. Both authors suggest that a lack of familial bonds, the repression of human individuality, and the repression of artistic and creative endeavors in order to attain a stable environment renders the achievement of a perfect state unrealistic. The lack of familial bonds, in both novels, contributes to the development of a dystopian society. This lack of familial bonds is evident through genetic engineering, the use of names, and a commonly used drug, soma. One of the first mentionings of family in Brave New World is when the main character, Bernard, asks the Controller, the ultimate leader, about the past and why their society doe... Free Essays on 1984 1984 by George Orwell (1903 - 1950) Type of Work: Futuristic, cautionary novel Setting London, in the mythical country of Oceania; 1984 (in the future) Principal Characters Winston Smith, a rebel against society Julia, his lover Mr. Charrington, an elderly antique shop owner O'Brien, the only member of the Inner Party Winston trusts Story Overview As Winston Smith entered his apartment building, he passed a familiar poster. "It was one of those pictures which are so contrived that the eyes follow you about when you move. BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, the caption beneath it ran." Then Winston opened the door to his flat to be greeted by a voice on his "telescreen" - a device he could dim, but never shut off completely. Telescreens broadcasted government propaganda and served as the eyes and ears of the Thought Police, who scrutinized everyone for any possible deviation from acceptable thought or action. In the flat was a tiny alcove just out of sight from the telescreen's vision. Winston sat down to write in his diary, an act that was not officially illegal "but if detected it was reasonably certain that it would be punished by death . . . " While he sat writing, a recent memory stirred in his mind; the "Two Minutes Hate," a government-sponsored work break in which every worker at the Ministry of Truth was required to participate, had consisted that day of an interlude when everyone raged and screamed as the telescreen alternately flashed images of enemy Eurasian soldiers and Goldstein, an abhorred traitor. That morning, Winston had noticed a "bold-looking girl of about twenty-six" who worked in the Fiction Department. This particular girl - wearing the bright scarlet sash of the official anti-sex league - gave him "the impression of being more dangerous than most," and Winston had that unnerving feeling that she was watching him. A few days later, Winston walked through the working-class "prole" neighborhood to the... Free Essays on 1984 In 1948 Eric Blair, better known as George Orwell, wrote a book with chilling insights into the future, 1984. This book did quite a number on the literate world. People who have read this book have had mixed reactions, from fear to hatred of our governmental system. However, 1984 came and went, and no signs of the tales told in the book were realized by the mass- population. There is no Ingsoc, there are no helicopters looking into windows. Most people have written this book off as a good science fiction work. However, this book should NOT be written off, for it has been realized, and is far worse and more subtle than Orwell could ever have imagined. Modern technology is great, however in the wrong hands it can be a dangerous weapon of mass destruction, and worse yet, mass control. In 1984 Orwell showed a world in which the people are under the control of the government through surveillance. Thought Police watch the people through telescreens, microphones and helicopters. Many people do not believe this will come true because they do not see it happening. However, if you look at the current state of technology you will easily see that it is being used, and that it is easier than ever. Many private companies are using these systems to watch both their property and their employees. Surveillance devices have become so small that it is now possible to make a camera and a microphone fit into a very small hole in the wall. Some companies are selling cameras disguised as smoke detectors. Police admittedly use small microphones as 'wires' to get confessions in undercover operations. It is entirely conceivable that the government could be watching us now. Perhaps, though only on a small scale. The "Internet" is the newest buzz word running around, and with it comes new controversies over online surveillance. The people watching probably would not go directly into your account, that would be as illegal as entering your private... Free Essays on 1984 Is Big Brother watching you too? Ever Since George Orwell wrote the novel, 1984, an ominous prediction of the world’s future, people have been finding that his novel is not as far-fetched as it seemed. It is a society controlled by â€Å"Big Brother† and the Party, who know and watch all. The lack of privacy these days is making us feel like we should be hiding like the Winston: By sitting in the alcove, and keeping well back, Winston was able to remain outside the range of the telescreen, so far as sight went. He could be heard, of course, but so long as he stayed in his present position he could not be seen (9). Due to new technology, and new kinds of crime, the government and other organizations are coming up with more and more ways to watch people, very similar to the ideas in Orwell’s novel. One place where privacy is a rare occurrence is the Internet. People enter in personal data, such as their names, addresses, and credit card numbers, and this leads to more frauds than you can imagine. A lot of Internet companies have been scamming people and even selling off their personal information. Luckily, Congress and online privacy groups such as the Online Privacy Alliance are taking action. This year, the 106th Congress has passed over 200 new bills concerning privacy. (Meeks) Despite the reflection of â€Å"Big Brother,† there is actually a strong law that protects your personal information collected by the federal government. Not surprisingly, the federal government is the largest collector of personal information and you have the most to lose should government-maintained information be accessed in some way. The Privacy Act was passed in 1974, and has been added to many times since then to keep up with modern methods and technology. People can access any personal information about themselves that government agencies hold, such as educational, criminal, or medical records. However, just because we can ac... Free Essays on 1984 1984, by George Orwell, is a story of a man's struggle against a totalitarian government that controls the ideas and thoughts of its citizens. The major subject that Orwell puts across is quite obvious throughout the book. He wants to warn people what can happen when the government is given too much power. He wants to show how such governments can develop, and what methods they use to keep the people they are governing in their power. Communication, personal beliefs, and individual loyalty to the government are all controlled by the Inner Party which governs the people of Oceania in order to keep them from rebelling. They use advanced mind reading techniques to discover the thoughts of the people and punish those who show signs of rebellion against the government. The novel is supposed to be a prophetic story; however, it was somewhat wrong in predicting the date when this government will rein. Orwell uses description of technology to show how the government controlled its’ citizens. In the novel, televisions are in most homes and all over the streets. The use of telescreens is an important physical element. It watches citizens, gives war news, music, political speeches and messages from Big Brother. Orwell uses an omniscient character, Big Brother, to show how powerful the government is. Although he is seen on telescreens and his pictures glare out on huge posters that say â€Å"BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU,† nobody actually sees him in person. This was used to let the people know that no matter where they go they could not escape the watching eyes of the controlling government. â€Å"Newspeak† is used to stress connections between language, thought and power. Orwell tells us that nobody will be able to commit unwanted acts or think bad thoughts because actions cannot exist without language to describe or define them. It includes words for everyday activities like eating, drinking, and working. It contains simple nouns and verbs wi... Free Essays on 1984 We are in a world of uncertainty and we can only guess and make predictions about what tomorrow will bring us. The book 1984 by George Orwell, was written in 1949 with his predictions about the future in 1984, thirty five years later. The part that interested me the most was where Orwell explains how we will no longer think on our own and that our thoughts and emotions would be controlled by the "thought police" for example. It was interesting to read about what a person thought in the past about today’s society and read how some of the predictions came true. Freedom was taken away from everyone, they did what they were told and they had to obey, or harsh punishments would take place. A question that Winston asked was "are you treated more like a human being?" (Pg. 77), And they were not treated like human beings it was as if they were like robots not even being able to think on their own, programmed to think and do what they do. Had this prediction that he had made come true? Or would it ever come true? No, is the answer to these question . To this very day we have freedom and have our own thoughts, could this ever happen in the future? I don’t think this will ever occur, we will not be controlled by others and have our original thoughts taken away. The "thought police" will never exist either, I say this because I don’t think there is a power high enough to make people ignore their thoughts or feelings. If this did ever happen this man would be so truly inhuman that mankind itself would destroy each other or die out of bor edom . "Never again will you be capable of ordinary human feeling. Everything will be dead inside you. Never again will you be capable of love, or friendship, or joy of living, or laughter, or curiosity, or courage, or integrity. You will be hallow. We shall squeeze you empty, and then we shall fill you with ourselves." (Pg. 211). What they were doing was dehumanizing man completely. Orwell might have thought... Free Essays on 1984 On a day in April in 1984, a man named Winston Smith comes home, to his apartment in a nearly condemed building. He is thirty-nine years old, it is painful for him to get up the stairs because he has a varicose ulcer above his right ankle. The elevator in his building is always out of service. As he climbs the staircase, he sees on each flight, a poster depicting an enormous face, below are the words â€Å"big brother is watchhing you.†. Winston is a low-level official in the Party. Winston is a member of the higher class, but his life is still under the conrol of the party. In his apartment there is telescreen, it displays random information that the party decides to give the public. Winston keeps his back to the screen, so as not to be seen, for they could be watching him at any moment, or maybe not. From a hidden drawer, winston pulls out a small diary. He found the diary in a store in the prole's district. Winston begins to write in his diary. He writes down about the film s he watched the night before. He looks down and realizes that he has written â€Å"down with big brother† over and over again in his diary. The next day winston opens the door, assuming that the thought police arrived to arrest him. He opens the door and see's that it is only Mrs. parsons, she needs help with the plumbing. Back in his apartment, winston remembers a dream in which a man’s voice’s said, â€Å"We shall meet in the place where there is no darkness.† That night he dreams of a place called the golden country, where the darkhaired girl, that he despises for her abstinence, takes off her clothes an act that destroys the whole Party. A high pitched whistle sounds from the telescreen, a signal that office workers must wake up. Winston thinks about oceania’s history with other countries in the world. According to official history, oceania has always been at war with Eurasia and in alliance with Eastasia. Winston knows that the records have been changed... Free Essays on 1984 1984, George Orwell, New American Library a division of Penguin Putnam inc., New York, New York, Copyright 1949, 272 pages, fiction. â€Å"Big Brother,† a symbol that represents the 1984 government in Oceania (what used to be England) has absolute power over its citizens, and even monitors thoughts. Winston Smith hates this and attempts rebellion with his love, Julia, and the Brotherhood, but is simply tricked by O’Brien, an inner party member. The book is divided into chapters, which tie into each other by continuing on previous chapters and advancing the plot. These chapters make up three books (book one, book two, and book three). Each book is a different section of the plot. There were not any pictures, but there were large bolded statements like â€Å"BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU,† which were used in order to show the importance of these statements and the fear that they bring. I do not think that there should have been any pictures because it is easy to visualize with all of the description. The author wrote this book as a projection of what was going to occur in the future. He wanted to satire what was going on at the time with wars and to denounce communism as well. It is worthwhile because it would be fun to predict the future and make up obscene fantasies about what you think it could be like based on how things are at the present. The author is trying to make the points that sometimes governments take it too far with their power over its citizens, and also at the same time how easily people can be persuaded to believe many things. For instance, the inner party constantly changes Oceania’s state of peace by announcing â€Å"Oceania has always been at war with Eurasia and allies with Eastasia," while the next week they may announce the opposite, and the people believe whatever they say because of the concept the inner party created, called doublethink. I thought that this was funny that people could be brainwa... Free Essays on 1984 1984, by George Orwell, is a story of a man's struggle against a totalitarian government that controls the ideas and thoughts of its citizens. The major subject that Orwell puts across is quite obvious throughout the book. He wants to warn people what can happen when the government is given too much power. He wants to show how such governments can develop, and what methods they use to keep the people they are governing in their power. Communication, personal beliefs, and individual loyalty to the government are all controlled by the Inner Party which governs the people of Oceania in order to keep them from rebelling. They use advanced mind reading techniques to discover the thoughts of the people and punish those who show signs of rebellion against the government. The novel is supposed to be a prophetic story; however, it was somewhat wrong in predicting the date when this government will rein. Orwell uses description of technology to show how the government controlled its’ citizens. In the novel, televisions are in most homes and all over the streets. The use of telescreens is an important physical element. It watches citizens, gives war news, music, political speeches and messages from Big Brother. Orwell uses an omniscient character, Big Brother, to show how powerful the government is. Although he is seen on telescreens and his pictures glare out on huge posters that say â€Å"BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU,† nobody actually sees him in person. This was used to let the people know that no matter where they go they could not escape the watching eyes of the controlling government. â€Å"Newspeak† is used to stress connections between language, thought and power. Orwell tells us that nobody will be able to commit unwanted acts or think bad thoughts because actions cannot exist without language to describe or define them. It includes words for everyday activities like eating, drinking, and working. It contains simple nouns and verbs wi... Free Essays on 1984 In the classic novel 1984, George Orwell explains how a government can abuse the power, which it has obtained. â€Å"Big Brother,† the government of Oceania, that controls the society in which the protagonist Winston Smith dwells, has complete control over every aspect of his everyday life. Orwell could see the makings of a totalitarian government in the rise of authority in Hitler, Franco, and Stalin. Each of these dictators sought to change society and â€Å"control the world.† Although the novel was published in 1949, Orwell was not trying to predict the future; rather his purpose was to warn against the possibilities of a totalitarian government. The government was able to control the very actions of its people by the use of telescreens. Telescreens were in every room of every home and on the streets. These screens allowed for the government to constantly watch and hear every sound or move someone made and, indeed, every movement was scrutinized. One morning, while doing his â€Å"Physical Jerks,† Winston was not putting forth good effort, and the instructor over the telescreen ordered him to do better (Orwell 34). This provides evidence that there were people watching at every moment, and one must do as one was told. Orwell said that, by being able to see one’s every action, the government could more easily control those actions, and thereby control the citizens of the society as well as the society itself. Through the use of literary devices such as imagery, Orwell portrayed the environment around Winston quite vividly. Orwell appealed to every sense to bring the reader into the story and to portray the almost limitless control a totalitarian government might obtain. For example, the government named everything â€Å"Victory,† including Victory Gin, Victory Coffee, and Victory Cigarettes. The items, however, were anything but a victory. Winston explained that, â€Å"The Victory Gin tastes like nitric acid and after s... Free Essays on 1984 The effects of Winston’s brainwashing What has happened to society? George Orwell has written a powerful book about power hungry people of today want to do what ever they want to do ever they want. Oceania is a society of constant brainwashing. Winston was unfortunately a victim of brainwashing. What effect did brainwashing have on him. The brainwashing has effected his daily routine, his thought process, and his attitude toward people. Winston’s whole daily routine was changed. He used to wake up early in the morning and exercise. After that he would go to the Ministry of Love and work as much as 30 hours. Then he usually rode the tube station home. At home he ended the day by drinking his gin. Since his brain washing he woke up at about 11:00 a.m. worked for about 3 hours. After work instead of going home he went to the Chestnut to drink his gin and play chess. At the cafà © his cup of gin was constantly being refilled. He was brainwashed into spending time in the in the cafà ©. A perfect example of this is when he thinks to himself. "Chestnut Cafà ©, which had never seemed attractive as at this moment. He had a nostalgic vision of his corner table, with the newspaper and the chessboard and the ever flowing gin." Orwell 241 he was brainwashed to into going into the cafà © for two reasons. So that he will constantly be in public so he won’t have time to think by himself. To keep him drunk so in his free time he will not be capable of thinking straight. As one can see, the brainwashing affected his daily routine. Not only did brainwashing effect his daily routine. Not only did brainwashing effect his daily routine but it also has effected his thought process. Winston’s thought significant signs of change. His love attraction he ha for Julia had changed. when he saw Julia for the first time since the brainwashing he almost walked right by her. He began to follow her with on fear of being watched. He no longer saw her beauty.... Free Essays on 1984 The Suppression of Love and Eroticism in 1984 â€Å"We are never so helplessly unhappy as when we lose love,† (Sigmund Freud). Throughout life, there are searches of meaning, belonging, and most importantly, love. Being in love with someone and sharing yourself and your life gives an overwhelming sense of completeness. If you live your life without love, compassion, or desire there is not much to look forward too – life would be lonely. In 1984, Big Brother’s manipulative control over the way of life in Oceania suppresses society’s and Winston Smith’s ability to find love and express sexual desire. Big Brother could not control men and women from developing â€Å"loyalties† between one another; however, its undeclared purpose was to completely abolish all the pleasure, meaning, and emotion from the sexual act. The Party made great efforts to psychologically manipulate the people into doing as they say. Many restrictions and regulations made it practically impossible for anyone to even consider going against the Party. First of all, if a couple wanted to get married they would have had to have it approved by an appointed committee. In short, if the committee thought that there was the least bit of physical attraction between the couple, the marriage would be rejected. â€Å"Not love so much as eroticism was the enemy, inside marriages as well as outside it,† (Orwell 57). The purpose of marriage was strictly to procreate for the service of Big Brother, not to unite the love of two people, and for children to eventually turn in their .........

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

A Mid Summer Nights Dream Essays

A Mid Summer Nights Dream Essays A Mid Summer Nights Dream Essay A Mid Summer Nights Dream Essay Essay Topic: Midsummer Nights Dream I am writing my essay on A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare and I am going to focus on the relationships and how they change and evolve throughout the play. In A Midsummer Nights Dream there are several groups of characters that all get entangled throughout the play. They are the mechanicals, the fairies, the Athenian court and the lovers. Each group is mixed with another group sometime in the play. The fairies are the creatures who live in the forest and play an important role in the confusion that takes place later in the play. The most important of the fairies are Oberon and Titania. They are the fairy king and queen and have had an argument involving a young Indian boy. It is this argument that leads to a love potion being collected by puck and it is this that leads to the relationships being mixed up during the course of the play. The lovers are all from Athens and the play follows there story most of the time. They are in the forest most of the time. Lysander and Hermia are in love but Demetrius is also loves with Hermia and hermias father wants her to marry Demetrius. At the same time a lady called Helena loves Demetrius but he does not love her. Hermia and Lysander run away from Athens so they can get married but Helena tells Demetrius about this so they go after them to try and stop them. This is how they end up in the forest and there they come across the fairies. The mechanicals are the Athenian crafts men and they consist of Bottom the weaver, Quince the carpenter, Flute the bellows mender, Snout the tinker, Starvling the tailor and Snug the joiner. During most of the play they will going over a performance that they are to perform on the Dukes wedding day. Perhaps the most important of the mechanicals is Bottom the weaver as will later be taken in by Titania who falls in love with him.

Monday, November 4, 2019

Art history- Making study guides for a quiz Essay

Art history- Making study guides for a quiz - Essay Example By hiding the faces of his two protagonists, Courbet makes it difficult for the viewer to identify with them and their plight. He treats them as two facts in a painting emphasizing the appearance, texture, and weight of things, through the use of thickly applied paint (often laid down with a palette knife) that conveys the materiality of the physical world. Some writers view it as an expression of conservative fatalism akin to Millet’s BUT, Courbet’s friend the socialist philosopher Pierre-Paul Proudhon, in 1865, says its the first socialist picture ever painted and Courbet referred to it as a depiction of â€Å"injustice.† It shows the inside of a large, horse-drawn bus that transported Parisians along one of Haussmann’s new boulevards. Daumier places the viewer in the poor section of the bus, opposite a serene grandmother, her daughter, and her 2 grandchildren, whose intimacy and unity is contrasted to their physical and mental separation from the upper class passengers behind them. Frustration over the practices of the Salon jury reached its limit in 1863 when they rejected nearly 3,000 works. Napoleon III ordered their exhibition - the Salon des Refuses (â€Å"Salon of the Rejected Ones†). Le Dejeuner , scandalized contemporary viewers and established Manet as a radical artist, challenging academic conventions. Manet born in Paris, studied in early 1850s with Thomas Couture. By the early 1860s Manet committed to realism, due to his friend, Baudelaire, the poet call for - â€Å"the painter of the passing moment and all the suggestions of eternity that it contains.† Manet responded to Baudelaire’s call in, Le Dejeuner. Its frank declaration of modernity was offensive to the academic establishment and the average Salon-goer. Most disturbing was the â€Å"immorality† of Manet’s theme: a suburban picnic with a scantily clad bathing woman in the background and, in the foreground, a completely naked woman, seated alongside two fully

Friday, November 1, 2019

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 115

Essay Example Armstrong on the other hand would no longer challenge the USADA decision finding USADA’s investigation dismissing it as a â€Å"witch hunt† that is bent on convicting him without any physical evidence. Armstrong denied that he ever took banned substances in his career (Associated Press). This decision of USADA to strip Armstrong of his titles and ban him from the sport for life is not only wrong but also excessive. It can be likened to a death penalty (Zimmerman) of which Armstrong is undeserved. It is based on onerous and unreasonable proceedings t that even the United States District Court indicated the troubling aspect of the case and indicated â€Å"the deficiency of USADA’s charging document is of serious constitutional concern† (2012 WL 3569682). It is important to state that the prosecution of USADA against Armstrong is based on â€Å"non-analytical positive† or from witness testimony and not from the presentation of concrete, scientific laboratory results. Armstrong was right when he commented that USADA convicted him without any physical evidence. To back up that comment, it has to be noted that Armstrong never tested positive to over 500 tests he was subjected to during his active career. Worst, the use of â€Å"analytical non-positive† proceeding to convict Armstrong that requires the testimony of a witness was tainted with corruption making the ground of his conviction to be doubtful if not illegal. It could be argued that there are numbers of witness who testified against Armstrong that justified the conviction. But the manner of which those testimonies were obtained or extracted automatically removes the credibility of such witnesses and making it unfit to be used as evidence in the court of law. An agency cannot break the federal bribery law just to convict anyone. Thus, the evidence used against Armstrong can be dismissed not only as hearsays but also illegal that could nullify the charges hurled